Russia has proposed a government-to-government agreement with India for the co-production and transfer of technology for its advanced S-500 Prometey air defence system. This strategic partnership not only helps Russia navigate Western sanctions but also aligns with India’s ‘Make in India’ initiative, enhancing its indigenous defense capabilities. The S-500, capable of countering a range of aerial threats, complements India’s existing air defense systems amid evolving regional threats from China and Pakistan. This collaboration could establish India as a defense export hub, benefiting both nations economically and strategically while reinforcing India’s military readiness in a complex security environment.