The United States and India are enhancing their counterterrorism collaboration amidst growing concerns regarding Pakistan’s use of militant proxies and China’s influence in the region. During a recent hearing, experts emphasized the historical context of U.S.-India cooperation, particularly in intelligence sharing since the 2008 Mumbai attacks, while highlighting India’s advancing capabilities in space-based surveillance and AI for improved data integration. However, tensions remain as India views U.S. engagement with Pakistan, especially regarding military relations and economic initiatives like the Reko Diq mining project, as a challenge to its security interests. Dhruva Jaishankar articulated that U.S. diplomatic efforts often inadvertently empower Pakistan’s aggressive posturing, complicating the bilateral relationship. Despite these complexities, there are significant opportunities for U.S.-India collaboration if the issues surrounding Pakistan can be effectively navigated. The ongoing dynamics underscore the need for a nuanced approach by Washington to balance its strategic partnership with India while managing its interactions with Pakistan, which will be critical for sustaining and strengthening the Indo-U.S. alliance.