ISRO is advancing its space capabilities with the development of a fully integrated semi-cryogenic engine, the SE-2000, which aims to enhance the LVM-3 rocket’s thrust from 1,600 kN to 2,000 kN. This engine, featuring non-toxic propellants and improved efficiency, is designed for significant payload increases, supporting heavier satellite launches and future lunar missions. Ongoing tests at the ISRO Propulsion Complex have validated various engine systems, with operational readiness targeted for 2027. This initiative not only strengthens India’s indigenous propulsion technologies but also bolsters its position in the global commercial space market amid challenges in past cryogenic technology transfers.