The Indian government is committed to building at least five Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) by 2033 to diversify its clean energy sources amidst rising power demands projected to reach 708 GW by 2047. However, the existing legislative framework, including the Atomic Energy Act and the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act, restricts private and foreign investments in nuclear energy. To attract global technology leaders and ensure energy independence, India must amend these laws, allowing private ownership and a balanced liability framework. This strategic move could enhance India’s energy security and position it as a leader in advanced nuclear technology while contributing to a low-carbon future.