The United States has formally criticized a draft European Union (EU) Space Act, expressing concerns that it could disrupt NATO collaboration and bilateral cooperation with individual EU member states. The U.S. State Department pointed out that the legislation imposes excessive regulatory burdens on American space firms and favors EU launch providers, which could hinder interoperability in joint defense operations. While the EU defends the act as a means to strengthen its space market and resilience against cyber threats, the U.S. warns it may compromise military-to-military space cooperation within NATO. This dispute highlights ongoing tensions between the EU’s pursuit of strategic autonomy in space and its alliance commitments, reflecting the complexities of transatlantic security partnerships.