A new mutual defense pact between Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, signed on September 17, is deemed unlikely to deter India from its strategic responses in South Asia, according to analysts. The agreement, which promises mutual defense against aggression, could further entrench Pakistan’s military alliances but fails to address India’s decisive posturing following events like Operation Sindoorthe. Michael Kugelman emphasizes that India’s doctrine of swift retaliation against cross-border terrorism remains firmly in place, with Saudi Arabia unlikely to risk its significant ties with India over Pakistan. As India continues to strengthen its defense capabilities and strategize through partnerships like the QUAD, the pact reflects the shifting geopolitical landscape, notably Saudi Arabia’s balancing act between its allies.