India’s Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is advancing its air defence with Project Kusha, an indigenous long-range surface-to-air missile system designed to complement existing capabilities like the S-400. The project comprises four interceptor variants, with Phase-I aimed for completion by 2028-2030, and a Phase-II set to develop missiles exceeding 600 km in range, enhancing defences against emerging threats, particularly from China. The initiative emphasizes India’s commitment to strategic autonomy, integrating advanced technologies for effective multi-layered defence, and enhancing maritime security against regional adversaries, thereby solidifying India’s position as a leader in air defence technology.