The Indian Navy is assessing European MBDA’s Naval Cruise Missile (NCM) and Russia’s Kalibr missile as potential interim solutions to enhance its long-range strike capability amid delays in DRDO’s indigenous Nirbhay-based submarine-launched cruise missile (SLCM) program, which won’t be operational until 2030. The NCM offers superior precision and compatibility with existing submarine systems, while Kalibr’s extensive combat history presents a proven alternative. However, geopolitical uncertainties surrounding Russia raise concerns about supply reliability. This strategic evaluation underscores the Indian Navy’s commitment to maintaining robust operational readiness as it awaits the introduction of its next-generation submarine fleet, the P-75I.