India is developing compact 200 MW nuclear reactors, known as Bharat Small Modular Reactors (BSMR), designed for deployment on commercial ships and captive power plants serving energy-intensive industries like cement manufacturing. Engineered by scientists at the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), these reactors aim to expand India’s nuclear power capacity safely and efficiently. The BSMR-200, based on pressurized water reactor technology with passive safety features, is expected to play a key role in India’s nuclear energy expansion, supporting power needs while enhancing maritime capabilities. India currently operates nuclear submarines powered by 83 MW reactors, and a third is under trials. The initiative aligns with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s target to reach 100 GW nuclear power capacity by 2047. The government is also considering amendments to the Atomic Energy Act to involve private players and facilitate fuel procurement, boosting the nuclear sector’s growth and strategic autonomy.