The Indian Air Force (IAF) plans to repurpose retiring MiG-21s into target drones to test next-generation surface-to-air missiles (SAMs) developed by the DRDO, offering a cost-effective solution to utilize aging airframes. This innovative approach supports India’s self-reliance in defense by leveraging the MiG-21’s capabilities for realistic SAM trials, such as the Akash-NG and QRSAM systems, expected to commence by 2027. The conversion process minimizes costs while maximizing operational utility, aligning with global practices. This strategy not only extends the legacy of the MiG-21 but also enhances India’s air defense capabilities amid evolving threats in the region, particularly from adversaries using advanced UAV technologies.