Concerns have been raised by the Indian Navy regarding the design maturity of the new submarines offered by ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems (TKMS) for Project-75I, as they are based on an entirely new design rather than proven models. This raises doubts about delivery timelines, with naval sources estimating the first submarine might not be ready until around 2034. Despite this, TKMS’s CEO emphasized that India could emerge as a key manufacturing partner amid a global submarine demand surge, which could benefit both nations by creating a robust ecosystem for submarine production and diversifying the supply chain beyond Europe. The partnership is timely, given India’s need to modernize its ageing submarine fleet amidst regional maritime challenges.