The Bombay High Court on December 1, 2025, acquitted former BrahMos Aerospace scientist Nishant Agarwal of major espionage charges related to alleged spying for Pakistan’s ISI, ruling that prosecution failed to prove he transmitted sensitive missile secrets to foreign agents. While Agarwal had possessed 19 classified BrahMos files on his personal device, including key technical data about the supersonic missile jointly developed by India and Russia, the court held that no evidence demonstrated actual leakage to Pakistan operatives. Agarwal’s life sentence for cyberterrorism and espionage was set aside, leaving only a three-year sentence for unauthorized possession of classified information, which he has already served since his 2018 arrest. This verdict underlines India’s robust judicial and strategic stance in safeguarding critical defence technologies while dispelling Pakistan’s espionage claims against BrahMos missile security. The ruling reinforces confidence in India’s defence cybersecurity frameworks amid persistent external threats.