The Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) are collaborating with private sector firms to create indigenous ejection seats for the Tejas and Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) programs, aiming to reduce dependence on foreign suppliers and enhance self-reliance in defense manufacturing under the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative. This initiative faces challenges due to the established reputation of Martin-Baker, necessitating stringent testing and certification to ensure pilot safety and reliability. By fostering domestic production and innovation, India aims to strengthen its defense capabilities while mitigating supply chain risks amid geopolitical uncertainties, thereby enhancing operational autonomy for its fighter jet programs.