India’s aerospace and defense startup Carbine Systems has achieved a significant milestone by successfully conducting indoor tests of its first directed-energy weapon prototype, H.A.R.A. Mk 1. This 10 kW-class high-energy laser, designed for engagements up to 12 km, marks a pivotal development in India’s private defense sector, traditionally dominated by state-run programs. Founded by brothers Girish and Kedar Joshi in 2023, Carbine Systems highlights the importance of internal capability, having developed H.A.R.A. without external funding. The successful testing emphasizes the transition from theoretical research to practical application, showcasing India’s growing prowess in advanced military technology and positioning the nation as a serious player in the global defense landscape.