The National Supercomputing Mission (NSM) has successfully deployed 37 supercomputers with a collective power of 40 Petaflops, significantly enhancing India’s high-performance computing (HPC) capabilities. Notably, the indigenous PARAM Rudra series is tailored for vital research in various fields, including aerospace engineering and drug discovery, benefiting over 13,000 researchers and producing substantial academic output. The mission emphasizes self-reliance by fostering domestic manufacturing through technology transfers and has developed indigenous components such as the Rudra Server Board. Furthermore, initiatives for advanced HPC processors and tailored applications addressing national priorities strengthen India’s position in the global supercomputing landscape, reinforcing its technological sovereignty and innovation potential.