The Indian Air Force (IAF) has issued a Request for Proposal (RFP) for six converted aerial tankers to enhance its strategic reach and operational endurance, particularly for its Rafale, Su-30MKI, and Tejas fleets. This initiative marks a notable shift towards utilizing pre-owned commercial passenger jets, with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) positioned as frontrunners in the conversion program, promoting the Make in India framework with a mandate for 30% indigenous content. The IAF plans a dual-track procurement strategy, intending to acquire a total of 12 tankers, with the first phase focusing on the conversion of Boeing 767 airframes while a separate tender for six brand-new tankers is also expected, attracting competitors like Airbus and Boeing. However, the competition is intensifying, particularly with Boeing’s KC-46A Pegasus gaining an advantage due to its commonality with the converted aircraft, potentially simplifying IAF logistics and operations. The successful induction of these aircraft is crucial for addressing critical capability gaps and ensuring operational flexibility amid evolving regional security dynamics, reflecting India’s commitment to bolstering its defense capabilities through strategic partnerships and domestic industrial growth.