India is intensifying its interest in acquiring the advanced S-500 Triumfator-M air defence system from Russia, following the successful deployment of the S-400 during Operation Sindoor in May 2025. Discussions are expected during Russian President Vladimir Putin’s visit to New Delhi on December 4-5, 2025, where India is likely to request additional S-400 squadrons and missile replenishments. The S-500, with superior interception capabilities against hypersonic threats and multi-layered defence support, represents a critical enhancement to India’s air defence strategy. Although geopolitical hurdles, including potential CAATSA sanctions from the United States and Russian export restrictions, pose challenges, the Modi-Putin summit could serve as a pivotal moment in reinforcing India’s strategic partnership with Russia amid ongoing security concerns in South Asia.