On November 27, 2025, France offered to co-develop a customized Rafale fighter jet for the Indian Air Force (IAF) under the Multi-Role Fighter Aircraft (MRFA) programme, signaling a strategic shift from off-the-shelf acquisitions to bespoke solutions tailored to India’s operational environment. However, a key issue remains unresolved as the IAF insists on access to the Rafale’s proprietary source codes, critical for integrating indigenous weapon systems such as the Astra Mk3 and BrahMos-NG missiles. France’s reluctance to share source code stems from concerns over intellectual property protection and strategic security, fearing exposure of sensitive technologies that could compromise future international sales. Despite this, France has indicated a willingness to negotiate a phased technology transfer and local assembly at Indian facilities, including partnerships with Tata Advanced Systems Limited. The deal aims to bolster India’s combat capability amid declining squadron strength and growing regional threats, reflecting India’s emphasis on defense autonomy and self-reliance in advanced military technology. High-level diplomatic talks are expected to resolve the impasse in the coming months.