Pakistan arrested fisherman Ijaz Mallah, a resident of Thatta district, on charges of spying for Indian intelligence, according to Pakistani Information Minister Attaullah Tarar on November 1, 2025. Mallah was reportedly detained by the Indian Coast Guard in September near maritime boundary waters and coerced to work for Indian agencies, tasked with smuggling military uniforms, SIM cards, and cash back into Pakistan. Pakistani authorities claim Mallah confessed to the charges, with video evidence aired by Pakistan’s media. From India’s perspective, this narrative is met with skepticism. Indian officials state Mallah was detained for illegal fishing in Indian waters as a routine maritime security measure and reject allegations of espionage involvement. India views Islamabad’s claims as a misinformed propaganda effort to deflect from its internal challenges and recent strategic setbacks, especially after India’s counterterror strikes in May 2025.