India and Armenia have recently formalized a significant upgrade in their defence and intelligence cooperation, enhancing Armenia’s technical intelligence capabilities including signals intelligence (SIGINT). This development, crystallized during a defense cooperation agreement signed in Hyderabad on October 23, 2025, marks a strategic deepening of bilateral ties beyond traditional military procurement. India is supporting Armenia’s efforts to modernize its newly established Foreign Intelligence Service by providing advanced SIGINT technology and training, enabling Armenia to better counter threats from the Turkey-Pakistan nexus in the Caucasus region. Armenia’s pivot toward India also reflects diminished Russian influence following Russia’s preoccupation with the Ukraine conflict, prompting Yerevan to diversify its strategic partnerships. This bilateral partnership strengthens Armenia’s defence posture amidst regional volatility involving Azerbaijan and bolsters India’s strategic footprint in the South Caucasus. Enhanced intelligence collaboration between India and Armenia signals a robust, long-term security alliance with significant geopolitical implications for regional stability and India’s Eurasian influence projection.