Russia has been modifying its Shahed-136 (Geran-2) long-range drones to enable attacks on dynamic targets near the front lines in Ukraine, including moving trains and potentially artillery positions. Initially designed for pre-programmed static targets, these drones have been equipped with cameras, cellular modems, and antennas since March 2024, allowing for man-in-the-loop (MITL) control or autonomous targeting by sending real-time data through Ukrainian wireless networks or line-of-sight datalinks close to the battlefield. This change significantly enhances their operational usefulness, providing loitering capabilities with a heavier warhead of around 100 pounds, which is larger than smaller tactical drones. Russia’s domestic production capabilities have surged, with over 5,500 drones produced monthly in 2025 at reduced costs. Modified Shahed drones are now actively targeting frontline positions and rear logistics, challenging Ukrainian defenses as these upgrades increase drone lethality and control. Continued AI integration may allow autonomous strikes deeper into Ukrainian territory without direct human intervention.