The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is set to significantly enhance India’s air combat capabilities with the development of the Astra Mk-2 missile, which is now expected to achieve an operational range exceeding 200 kilometers, a notable upgrade from the previously intended 160 kilometers. The Indian Air Force (IAF) plans to procure approximately 700 units to equip its Sukhoi Su-30MKI and Tejas fighter aircraft, which will standardize an indigenous beyond-visual-range (BVR) missile across frontline squadrons. This development not only boosts India’s self-reliance in defense technology but also strengthens its deterrence posture against regional adversaries utilizing advanced air-to-air missile systems like the Chinese PL-15. The Astra Mk-2 features improved propulsion systems, enhanced guidance algorithms, and advanced electronic counter-countermeasures that will enable superior tracking accuracy and engagement capabilities against highly maneuverable targets. The extensive collaboration between over 50 public and private industries, including Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, reflects India’s commitment to an indigenized defense manufacturing ecosystem under the Make in India initiative.