The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) is facing a significant operational crisis as it struggles with engine reliability issues and U.S. restrictions on its F-16 fleet, which has historically been a cornerstone of its air power. With financial constraints leading to a shortage of spare parts, a considerable number of F-16s are grounded, severely affecting Pakistan’s air defense readiness amid rising tensions with India. The PAF is increasingly reliant on the Sino-Pakistani JF-17 Thunder, but this fighter also has its limitations, raising concerns about Pakistan’s ability to maintain aerial dominance in a volatile region. Overall, these challenges highlight Pakistan’s strategic vulnerabilities in the face of evolving geopolitical dynamics.