The Indian Air Force (IAF) plans to retain and modernize its 4.5-generation fighters, such as Rafale and Tejas MkII, until the 2070s, citing the limitations of transitioning fully to 5th-generation platforms due to costs and evolving air defense systems. As counter-stealth technologies advance, upgraded 4.5-gen jets with long-range precision capabilities will ensure operational effectiveness against threats from China and Pakistan. This strategy parallels global trends where nations continue investing in legacy platforms, balancing cost and performance. The IAF aims to maintain a mixed fleet, reflecting a pragmatic approach to modern aerial warfare, ensuring adaptability without compromising on defense capabilities.