A Japanese military think-tank, the National Institute for Defense Studies, has warned that a future India-Pakistan conflict, which they codenamed Op Sindoor 2.0, could escalate into space warfare, with India potentially using its Anti-Satellite (ASAT) missile capabilities developed after the successful 2019 Mission Shakti test. The 2025 conflict between India and Pakistan, known as Operation Sindoor, involved missile strikes and intense engagements across land, air, and space, marking India’s first space war that included attempts to outmaneuver Pakistani and Chinese satellite surveillance. Indian Air Chief Marshal Amar Preet Singh recently affirmed the readiness of India’s ASAT capabilities, highlighting their strategic importance while underscoring the challenges posed by emerging modern warfare technologies. The think-tank’s forecast signals an evolution in Indo-Pak conflict dynamics, where space assets could be targeted to disrupt military operations. This raises global concerns about the risks of orbital debris and the broader implications for space security, stressing the need for international efforts to prevent a destabilizing arms race in space. The warning aligns with growing strategic cooperation between India and Japan amid regional security challenges.